Pd+3+Group+1

Marking Period 3
Surface Tension 3/28: Videos: ﻿media type="file" key="VID00002.MP4" ﻿media type="file" key="VID00004.MP4" Links: [] Question: What will corn syrup and baking soda do to the surface tension of the water? Hypothesis: The corn syrup will strengthen surface tension, but the baking soda will not affect the surface tension. IV: Substance being tested in the water DV: The state of the surface tension Constant: The amount of substance going into the water, the size and shape of the boat, the amount of water in the pan Conclusion: The corn syrup had absolutely no effect on the surface tension of the water or the motion of the boat in the pan. But, the baking soda had a slight effect on the motion of the boat and the surface tension of the water. In conclusion, since corn syrup contains glucose and there's hydrogen in glucose the hydrogen bonds will be strengthened because it will be bonding with other hydrogen atoms. The baking soda broke surface tension slightly and it broke the uneven force on the boat causing it to go forward.
 * Trial 1 || Trial 2 || Trial 1 || Trial 2 ||
 * Corn Syrup || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Corn Syrup || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Baking Soda || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Baking Soda ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Surface Tension Not broken || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Surface tension not broken || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Slightly broke surface tension || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Slightly broke surface tension ||

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Surface Tension & Balance Forces Lab 3/25: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Question: Will salt break the surface tension like the soap? <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Conclusion: The salt had no effect on the boat. The salt did not break apart the hydrogen bond like the soap did and as a result the water still had surface tension. <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Video: [] <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Amanda's Powerpoint Project 2/28: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"> <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%;">

<span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Jen's Advertisement Project 2/25: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Gamma Rays: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;"> <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Alpha Particles: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;"> <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Beta Particles: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">

Jen and Amanda's project 2/22: []

Matt and Andrew's project 2/22:

Listen to our skit about elements in the body!

media type="custom" key="8453200"

Andrew: Hey matt, what are you eating?

Matt: I am devouring spaghetti and meat balls.

Andrew: Cool! Why are you eating that?

Matt: Because it is full of deliciousy goodness!

Andrew: No really, why?!

Matt: OK, I see what you are getting at. Pasta is full of carbon which is the 2nd most common element in the human body! Also, carbon can be found in many forms. Did you know it is in diamonds!?

Andrew: Did you say diamonds!?

Matt: I sure did! But did you know meat balls contain iron which is very important for the human body because it helps transport oxygen through your body.

Andrew: No way!

Matt: Yup. See this glass of milk? It contains potassium and calcium which helps the body build strong bones and keep the bodies fluids in balance.

Andrew: It sure is a good thing I drink a ton of milk!

Matt: Yup. Do you see these black pepper corns I have on the side of the dish? They contain vanadium which helps control my blood sugar.

Andrew: That is so cool, Matt!

Matt: What are you eating?

Andrew: Oh, well see, I have here a flounder which contains small amounts of iodine which is important to the body. I am also drinking water here which contains hydrogen, another important element for the body.

Matt: That is wicked!

Andrew: And on top of all this, we are currently breathing in oxygen!

Matt: NO. WAY!

Andrew: Oxygen is the most abundant element in your body and it helps release energy stored in food.

Matt: Wow, Andrew, the elements are so cool.

Andrew: Yeah I know.

Matt: Well, did you know about our major, lesser, and trace elements?

Andrew: What? There’s more?

Matt: Yuppers!

Andrew: BY GOLLY GOSH!

Matt: Major elements count for 99% of our body mass, lesser elements help maintain cell processes and help build body tissue, and trace elements are important for body functions, though you don’t need many.

Andrew: That is out of this world!

Matt: Do you know of any of the trace elements?

Andrew: I sure do! They include Vanadium (Va-nah-dee-um) Boron, Chromium, Cobalt, and silicone!

Matt: But unfortunately there are harmful elements too.

Andrew: That makes me sad L

Matt: Lead is very harmful if you have too much because it can lead to organ damage.

Andrew: Well what about mercury?

Matt: Even though it is in thermometers we cannot consumer it.

Andrew: Aw fluddernutter

Matt: It can damage your brain and nerve system. But, to make you make you happier, did you know nitrogen helps make amino acids, which helps our body greatly.

Andrew: Wow, today has been full of elemental learning! I cant wait to learn more tomorrow!

Matt: Yup, me too!

<span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Friend/Foe Elements: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">﻿Notes

^^ These have recommended amounts you should take in daily ^^ These perform important functions This information is improtant because everything is made of elements and the information tells us what elements are in our body and what they acomplish. Also, it tells us elements that are harmful to our body.
 * There are 25 essential elements
 * They are organized into major, lesser, and trace elements
 * An element is classified by its percentage by mass in the body
 * Six major elements:
 * Hydrogen
 * Oxygen
 * Carbon
 * Nitrogen
 * Phosphorus
 * Calcium
 * ^^ These account for almost 99% of your body mass
 * Almost every compound in your body contains oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon
 * The lesser elements:
 * Iron
 * potassium
 * zinc
 * sodium
 * sulfur
 * chlorine
 * magnesium
 * Trace elements:
 * vanadium
 * chromium
 * molybdenum
 * manganese
 * cobalt
 * copper
 * boron
 * tin
 * silicon
 * selenium
 * fluorine
 * iodine
 * Oxygen: it helps release the energy stored in foods
 * Hydrogen: found in foods/water; chemical reactions in cells take place in water
 * Iodine: helps production of thyroxine by the thyroid gland; fresh fish is a good source
 * Vanadium: help control blood sugar levels; formation of bones and teeth; black peppercorns
 * Carbon: essential to life; carbohydrates/proteins/fats contain carbon
 * Iron: part of hemoglobin; transports oxygen through the blood to every cell in the body; meat/fish/leafy green veggies/spinach
 * Potassium: keeps body's fluids in balance; stimulates the kidneys to remove body wastes; dairy products
 * Lead: too much of it can lead to organ damage and learning difficulties; lead based paint was banned in 1978 for those reasons
 * Mercury: helpful in industrail processes; toxic; can damage brain and nervous system; handled with great care b/c its dangerous
 * Arsenic: poison; used to be used to protect crops from insects or to preserve wood
 * Selenium: maintain healthy immune system; brazil nuts; fruits/vegetables; too much can cause nerve damage
 * Sodium: hard to avoid sodium; maintain water balance and nerve function; too much can cause high blood pressure
 * Zinc: found in almost every cell; support a healthy immune system; beef; too much can cause anemia

Matt and Andrew's Electron Cloud Lab:
 * 1) ﻿No, we could not predict where the pencil would strike.
 * 2) We are unable to predict the area in which the pencil will strike the target.
 * 3) Ring 5.
 * 4) One electron can make the electron cloud.

<span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">

<span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Jen and Amanda's Electron Cloud Lab: <span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">1. No, when we dropped it we didn't know exactly where it would land. <span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">2. No, we could not completely predict where the pencil would leave a mark. <span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">3. Area 3 had the highest probability of being hit by the pencil. <span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">4. 100 electrons could make all the "dots" that form the electron cloud. <span style="color: #0f4feb; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;"> Andrew and Matt's Atomic Comic: media type="custom" key="8281074"

<span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Jen and Amanda's Atom Story: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">

__1/31:__ __We used the indirect observation to find that the object was an octagon. We infered that the object was an hexagon.__ __A picture of our manipulations:__ __<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Movie Notes __

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">The four most important things we learned from the movie are: <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Protons are positively charged particles are found in the nucleus. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Neutrons have no charge, they're negative. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Electrons are negatively charged, and their approximate area is the electron cloud. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">We also learned the five theories: Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, Bohr, and the modern theory. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Electrons have no definite pattern or path.

__<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Experimental Design __ <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Question- How does the density of water compare to the density o﻿f other liquids or solids? <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Hypothesis- Liquids and solids that are more dense than water will sink and liquids and solids that are less dense will float. <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Independent Variable- The type of liquid or solid. <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">(Water, Cooking Oil, Ethanol, Pen Cap, Screw) <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Dependent Variable- Density(g/cm3)  <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Constants: The amount of water used, temperature, and the same procedure.
 * Variable || Water || Cooking Oil || Ethanol || Pen Cap || Screw ||
 * Mass || 50.5 g || 40.4 g || 26.3 g || 1.25 g || 10.5 g ||
 * Volume || 50 mL || 30 mL || 30 mL || 1 mL || 9 mL ||

<span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Clay Lab

<span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Cylinder- 70 mL <span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Clay: <span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Mass- 25.7 g <span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Volume- 8 mjL

<span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Density of the Clay: <span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">3.21 g/cm

<span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Question: What makes the clay boat float? <span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Hypothesis: The buoyant force causes the clay boat to float.

<span style="background-color: #12ff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">Boats float due to the hollowed-out bottoms. Hollowing out the bottoms increases the volume but decreases the density. Thus, the boat is less dense than water! A block of steel has less volume, so its density is greater than water and it sinks.

Why does diet coke float and regular coke sink?
The sugar in the regular coke increases the density and the diet coke only contains small amounts of aspartame. Because of this, there is not as much extra mass in the diet coke. Therefore, it floats, while regular coke is sweetened by a lot more of sugar so it is more dense. Regular Coke: 1.11 grams/cubic centimeter Diet Coke: 1.00 grams/cubic centimeter

[]

Explain how density can show if a crown is made of gold.
Density can show if the crown is made of gold because gold is a very dense material. You can compare the density of the crown to the density of known gold. If the crown has the same density it is made of gold. If it has a lower density it is not made of gold.

Archimedes's Story: []

Heating a Liquid Lab:

An endothermic change occured because we added heat to the water. The water stopped changing temperatures at its boiling point. The water boils at 100 degrees celsius




 * 1) <span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Question: What is the effect of fanning on temperature?
 * 2) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Hypthosesis: As the time of the fanning increases, the temperature decreases. ===

<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Independent Variable: Time of fanning (sec.)

 * 10 seconds || 20 seconds || 30seconds || 40seconds || 50 seconds ||
 * 2 trials || 2 trials || 2 trials || 2 trials || 2 trials ||

<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">

 * 1) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Dependent Variable: Temperature (Degrees Celsius) ===
 * 2) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Constants: The speed of the fan, the the size of the fan, the starting temperature, the enviornment ===
 * 3) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Procedure: ===
 * 4) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">1. Attach the temperature sensor and open the Data Studio program. ===
 * 5) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">2. Find the starting temperature. ===
 * 6) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">4. Fan the sensor for 10 seconds and record the temperature. ===
 * 7) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">5. Leave alone for 15 seconds. ===
 * 8) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 with 20, 30, 40, and 50 seconds. ===
 * 9) ===<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">7. Repeat steps 4 to 6 again, in order to complete 2 trials. ===

Diagram:
<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">

<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">Boiling Water Lab:

<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Question: Does the volume of water affect the amount of time it takes for the water to boil?

<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Hypothesis: Yes because the more volume, the more thermal energy it has to boil the water.

<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Independent Variable: Volume of Water (mL) <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Dependent Variable: Time it takes to boil (min.) <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Constants: Starting temperature of water, same water source, same heat source <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Diagram: <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Procedure:
 * 50 mL || 100mL || 150mL ||
 * 2 trials || 2 trials || 2 trials ||

<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1. Measure 50 mL of water using a graduated cylinder and the water from the large classroom beaker. <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">2. Set the station up exactly like the diagram on the right, by putting the beaker of water on the stand above the alcohol burner. <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">3. Connect the temperature sensor to the laptop and open the DataStudio program. <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">4. Light the alcohol burner and begin recording time.

<span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Data Table: <span style="background-color: #00d5ff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Boiling Time of Water
 * Volume(mL) || Trial 1 || Trial 2 || Average ||
 * 50 || 7 || 7 || 7.0 ||
 * 100 || 15 || 12 || 13.5 ||
 * 150 || 16 || 23 || 19.5 ||



<span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">﻿Volume and Temperature Lab
<span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">. Hot plate, Beaker of water to be heated <span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">2. Laptop, beaker of cold water, beaker of hot water, temperature sensor <span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">3. Styrofoam cup of cold water, Styrofoam cup of hot water, temperature sensor

<span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">media type="custom" key="7842771"

<span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Energy Transfer Cartoon:

<span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">CLICK BELOW!

<span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"> <span style="background-color: #abb39e; color: #f7225c; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">

<span style="background-color: #000080; color: #00ffff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Data Table:
1 || of 2 || Trial 3 || Average time(s) ||
 * Height of ramp(m) || Length of ramp || Mass of cart || Weight of cart || Time
 * 7 cm || .9 m || .295 kg || 2.95 N || 1.97s || 1.81 s || 2.15 s || 1.97 ||

Calculations:
Energy at top ||
 * Average Speed || Final Speed || Kinetic Energy at Bottom || Gravitational Potential
 * .4569 || .9138 || .123 || .2065 ||

Conclusion Questions:(from papers) 14. They aren't the same but some energy is lost to sound and friction. part 2: This supports our hypothesis because energy is never created nor destroyed. 15.This occured because some energy is lost to friction and sound energy. 16. The final speed at the bottom of the small hill will be less than the one of the large hill because there is more gravitational potential energy at the top of the large hill.